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Table 1: Dendrochronology Results: Buildings with Timbers Felled Before 1300 plus selected buildings after 1300 |
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Felling date |
Published date |
Location |
Building type |
Source | |||||
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where different (1) |
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12th Century Felling |
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1 |
1063 |
-1100 |
Greensted Church, Onger, Essex |
log church |
VA |
28.142 | |||
|
2 |
1105 |
-1140 |
Cathedral, Ely, Cambs |
reused tie-beam |
VA |
20.39 | |||
|
3 |
1124 |
-1160 |
1120 |
-1250 |
St Mary's Church, Kempley, Gloucestershire |
nave roof with bacefaced dovetails and half-lap joints |
VA |
30.99 | |
|
4 |
1152 |
-1187 |
Thame Park House, Thame, Oxon |
Remodelled Cistercian blds with 12thC roof & undated cloister arcades |
VA |
24.41 | |||
|
5 |
1160 |
-1195 |
Handsacre Hall, Armitage, Staffs |
reused brace |
VA |
21.38 | |||
|
6 |
1161 |
-1196 |
1159 |
-1189 |
Chepstow Castle, Chepstow, Monmouthshire |
outer bailey main gates |
VA |
29.127 | |
|
7 |
1166 |
-1201 |
The Monastic Blds, SE Wing, Ely, Cambs |
reused timbers from roof of uncertain form |
VA |
23.52 | |||
|
8 |
1167 |
-1185 |
Fyfield Hall, Essex |
aisled hall, passing braces, notched laps |
VA |
28.135 | |||
|
9 |
1176 |
-1221 |
Knights Templars' Hall, Temple Balsall, W Midlands |
aisled hall, passing braces, notched laps |
VA |
24.49 | |||
|
10 |
1179 |
Bishops Palace, Hereford |
aisledhall, no passing braces or notched laps |
VA |
20.46 | ||||
|
11 |
1184 |
-1219 |
Westwick Cottage, Leverstock Green, Hemel Hemstead, Herts |
aisled, passing braces, notched laps |
Howard etc 1997(1) | ||||
|
12 |
1186 |
-1221 |
c1201 |
St Hugh's Choir roof, Lincoln Cathedral, Lincs |
roof, notched lap soulaces |
VA |
15.67 | ||
|
13 |
1182 |
-1227 |
1187 |
1207 |
Newbury Farmhouse, Tonge, Kent |
aisled hall, passing braces |
VA |
32.14 | |
|
13th Century Felling |
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|
14 |
1200 |
-1222 |
Church of the Holy Trinity, Wistanstow, Shopshire |
roof - unrefined notched lap collors & soulaces |
VA |
28.161 | |||
|
15 |
1205 |
Sycamore Frm, Long Crendon, Bucks |
aisled hall, passing braces, notched laps - probably reused |
VA |
23.58 | ||||
|
16 |
1205 |
-1230 |
Barley Barn, Cressing, Essex |
aisled barn, passing braces, notched laps |
VA |
24.50 | |||
|
17 |
1207 |
-1223 |
Pembridge Bell Tower, Herefordshire |
t/f tower with passing braces & notched laps |
VA |
28.145 | |||
|
18 |
1212 |
-1214 |
Wells Cathedral Nave roof, Wells, Somerset |
11 eastern trusses of nave with refined and unrefined notched laps |
VA |
29.125 | |||
|
19 |
1213 |
-1248 |
Morning Chapel, Lincoln Cathedral, Lincs |
roof |
VA |
26.48 | |||
|
20 |
1214 |
-1255 |
St John the Baptist Church, Mamble, Hereford & Worcester |
church tower, passing braces, notched laps |
VA |
28.144 | |||
|
21 |
1220 |
-1225 |
Harlowbury Hall, Harlow, Essex |
aisled hall, passing braces, notched laps |
VA |
28.141 | |||
|
22 |
1225 |
-1269 |
1225 |
-1235 |
Nave, Lincoln Cathedral |
roof, notched lap soulaces |
VA |
12.39 | |
|
23 |
1230 |
Bellringers' Chapel, Lincoln Cathedral, Lincs |
roof, notched lap soulaces |
VA |
26.48 | ||||
|
24 |
1230 |
-1269 |
Blackfriars Priory, Gloucester |
Monastic bld, notched laps, scissor braces |
VA |
24.47 | |||
|
25 |
1231 |
Old Hall, Breadsall, Derby |
fragment survives of floor |
VA |
27.81 | ||||
|
26 |
1237 |
-1267 |
1235 |
-1270 |
Deanery, Brecon Cath, Brecon, Powys |
notched lap rafters, smoke blackened roof |
VA |
25.38 | |
|
27 |
1237 |
-1269 |
Coggeshall Grange Barn, Coggeshall, Essex |
aisled barn, passing braces, notched laps |
VA |
28.141 | |||
|
28 |
1238 |
-1266 |
1236 |
-1271 |
Floor over crossing vault, Salisbury Cathedral, Wilts |
floor of crossing vault |
VA |
22.41 | |
|
29 |
1240 |
-1275 |
Barn, St Paul's Hall, Belchamp St Paul, Essex |
aisled barn, passing braces, notched laps |
VA |
24.50 | |||
|
30 |
1243 |
-1287 |
1243 |
-1247 |
Lime Tree House, Harwell, Oxon phase 1 |
aisled, passing braces, notched laps |
VA |
12.39 | |
|
31 |
1245 |
-1247 |
Tithe Barn, Siddington, Cirencester, Glos |
base cruck with reverse assembly, passing braces, notched laps |
VA |
23.44 | |||
|
32 |
1246 |
-1289 |
55 Sheinton St, Much Wenlock, Shops |
sampson post & bolster - prob aisled or base cruck |
VA |
25.32 | |||
|
33 |
1247 |
Gt Oxenbold, Monkhopton, Shrops |
Monastic 1st fl hall |
VA |
24.57 | ||||
|
34 |
1249 |
-1250 |
Winchester Cathedral nave roof, Winchester, Hamps |
double collar rafter roof with king strut between collars, all mortised |
VA |
29.120 | |||
|
35 |
1249 |
-1284 |
1249 |
-1274 |
Chapter House, Salisbury Cathedral |
curved braced hexagonal roof |
VA |
27.79 | |
|
36 |
1250 |
Old Stables, Wherwell Abbey, Wherwell, Hamps - phase 1 |
upper aisle roof/stone walls, passing braces, barefaced lap joints - infirmary? |
VA |
27.99 | ||||
|
37 |
1252 |
-1287 |
Roof North aisle, Angle Chapel, Lincoln Cath, Lins |
roof, trait-de-jupiter scarf |
VA |
20.40 | |||
|
38 |
1253 |
-1288 |
The Cathedral Barn, Cathedral Close, Hereford |
part of aisled hall or barn |
VA |
28.143 | |||
|
39 |
1256 |
King John's House, Romsey, Hamps |
stone bld, King post roof changed to crown post - maybe reused timber |
VA |
27.99 | ||||
|
40 |
1257 |
-1280 |
Wheat Barn, Cressing, Essex |
aisled barn, passing braces, notched laps |
VA |
24.51 | |||
|
41 |
1257 |
-1302 |
1262 |
-1297 |
104 Bakers Close, Lower Radley, Oxon |
3 bay cruck house, possibly timber reused |
VA |
22.46 | |
|
42 |
1258 |
-1311 |
1258 |
-1263 |
Apse, Westminster Abbey, Middlx |
roof, scissor braces, secret notched laps |
VA |
11.34 | |
|
43 |
1262 |
-1263 |
Stokesay Castle, Shopshire - south tower |
joists |
VA |
28.160 | |||
|
44 |
1263 |
/1264 |
Bridge Farmhouse, Butleigh, Somerset |
reused cruck blade with notched lap joint |
VA |
28.172 | |||
|
45 |
1264 |
-1271 |
Place House, Ware, Herts date of build may be much later |
aisled hall, crown post, high end crosswing, stop splayed & tabled scarf with sallied & undersquinted abutments, transverse key, counter-tongue & grooved |
Howard etc 1997(2) | ||||
|
46 |
1268 |
-1308 |
1268 |
-1303 |
Black Hostelry, Ely Cathedral, Cambs |
monks guesthouse, grd stone, top t/f; crownpost roof with curved braces |
VA |
23.51 | |
|
47 |
1268 |
-1312 |
Higher Broughton Farm, Stoke St Mary, Somerset |
aisled hall with centre cruck truss |
VA |
28.173 | |||
|
48 |
1269 |
Cruck Cottage,Upton Magna, Shops |
reused cruck blades with notched laps |
VA |
26.70 | ||||
|
49 |
1269 |
-1293 |
Manor House, West Bromwich, W Midlands |
base cruck with crown post |
VA |
20.41 | |||
|
50 |
1272 |
-1303 |
31 High St, Bruton, Somerset |
beam, splayed scarf, stone bld |
VA |
28.172 | |||
|
51 |
1274 |
-1302 |
1272 |
-1307 |
Manor House, Donington House, Leics |
U shaped stone house |
VA |
20.40 | |
|
52 |
1280 |
Old Stables, Wherwell Abbey, Wherwell, Hamps - phase 2 |
upper aisle/stone walls extended in 1250 style but with notched laps |
VA |
27.99 | ||||
|
53 |
1281 |
-1325 |
1279 |
-1311 |
Chives, 15 Fareham High St, Fareham, Hamps |
crosswing, with kingpost roof, ridge piece and side purlins, normal jetty |
VA |
29.117 | |
|
54 |
1282 |
-1327 |
hall of Tiptofts, Wimbish, Essex |
aisled hammerbeam hall with crosswing, crownpost |
Tyers 1999 | ||||
|
55 |
1283 |
-1327 |
42 Chesil St, Winchester, Hamps |
unaisled, king post roof |
VA |
27.99 | |||
|
56 |
1284 |
Cottage, Aston Tirrold, Oxon |
Two storey chamber |
VA |
23.58 | ||||
|
57 |
1284 |
Manor Barn, Rockbourne, Hamps |
raised cruck, poss open hall but no smoke blackening - clasped side purlin |
VA |
26.63 | ||||
|
58 |
1284 |
/1285 |
York Farm, W Hagbourne, Oxon |
base-cruck hall with crosswing, crownpost roof |
VA |
24.55 | |||
|
59 |
1285 |
-1290 |
Stokesay Castle, Shopshire - great hall |
great hall crucks & rafters |
VA |
28.160 | |||
|
60 |
1285 |
-1322 |
1285 |
-1295 |
Pilgrims Hall, Winchester, Hants |
base cruck/hammerbeam |
VA |
15.69 | |
|
61 |
1285 |
-1330 |
1294 |
-1306 |
Lime Tree House, Harwell, Oxon phase 2 |
double tiebeam base-cruck hall, crown post roof |
VA |
14.62 | |
|
62 |
1285 |
-1332 |
1293 |
-1318 |
St Lawrence Church, Rushton Spencer, Staffordshire |
t/f church with plank walls and crownpost roof |
VA |
29.107 | |
|
63 |
1287 |
-1290 |
Stokesay Castle, Shropshire |
North Tower |
VA |
28.160 | |||
|
64 |
1287 |
Garnivals Week, Milverton, Somerset |
base cruck hall with reverse assembly |
VA |
28.173 | ||||
|
65 |
1287 |
-1321 |
Bucks Head, Church Stretton, Shops |
box framed crosswing, crownpost |
VA |
26.69 | |||
|
66 |
1287 |
-1329 |
South wing, Tiptofts, Wimbish, Essex |
box framed crosswing, crown/tuncated king post |
VA |
30.118 | |||
|
67 |
1288 |
Foulbridge, Snainton, N Yorks |
aisled hall with strainer beam, stone walls, crownpost with curved braces |
VA |
15.68 | ||||
|
68 |
1289 |
-1290 |
Abbas Hall, Gt Cornard, Suffolk |
aisled hall, passing braces, notched laps |
VA |
31.87 | |||
|
69 |
1289 |
-1334 |
3-3A Vicars' Court, Lincoln, Linolnshire |
low pitched roof for lead |
VA |
28.145 | |||
|
70 |
1290 |
-1325 |
West Barn, Barton Frm, Bradford-on-Avon, Wilts |
raised cruck |
VA |
24.41 | |||
|
71 |
1291 |
-1326 |
Handsacre Hall, Armitage, Staffs |
base cruck |
VA |
21.38 | |||
|
72 |
1291 |
-1333 |
Marwell Hall, Twyford, Hamps |
t/f base cruck hall between 2 stone crosswings, collar rafters |
VA |
25.25 | |||
|
73 |
1292 |
/1293 |
Old Rectory, Warbleton, E Sussex |
unaisled hall house |
VA |
22.40 | |||
|
74 |
1293 |
-1320 |
Bishop's Kitchen, Chichester W Sussex |
hammerbeam roof on stone walls |
VA |
24.52 | |||
|
75 |
1295 |
/1296 |
The Hollies, Bathley, Notts |
Semi base cruck with double tie and passing braces |
VA |
22.45 | |||
|
76 |
1299 |
/1300 |
Old Cheriton Rectory, Cheriton Bishop, Devon |
cob house |
VA |
28.140 | |||
|
77 |
1299 |
-1328 |
Great Barn, Manor Farm, Ruislip, Greater London |
aisled barn |
VA |
28.143 | |||
|
78 |
1299 |
-1332 |
Hall House, Newland, Sherborne, Dorset |
3 bay base cruck hall/ normal assemby - aisle truss reverse assembly |
VA |
24.49 | |||
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Selected 14th Century Fellings |
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79 |
1302 |
Plowden Hall, Lydbury North, Shops |
base cruck hall with crownpost roof |
VA |
24.57 | ||||
|
80 |
1303 |
-1327 |
1299 |
-1319 |
Nurstead Court, Meopham, Kent |
aisled hall, stone walls, crown post roof, no passing braces |
VA |
19.48 | |
|
81 |
1304 |
/1305 |
The Bury, Clavering, Essex |
aisled hall, passing braces, notched laps |
VA |
28.141 | |||
|
83 |
1306 |
-1311 |
Quaintree House, Braunston, Leics |
base cruck hall/double ties, passing braces, notched laps, crownpost |
VA |
22.45 | |||
|
84 |
1309 |
-1354 |
Wanborough Barn, Wanborough, Surrey |
reused aisle posts |
VA |
28.146 | |||
|
85 |
1310 |
-1315 |
Headstone Manor, Harrow, Middlesex |
aisled hall, low end crosswing, undershot crosspassage, crown post, no passing braces |
VA |
27.79 | |||
|
86 |
1312 |
/3 |
Old White Hart, Newark, Notts |
single aisled hall |
VA |
22.41 | |||
|
87 |
1317 |
-1358 |
1320 |
-1358 |
Sandiacre Tithe Barn, Sandiacre, Derbyshire |
dismantled aisled barn, side purlins |
VA |
28.128 | |
|
88 |
1319 |
/20 |
Upton Court, Slough,Berks |
aisled hammerbeam hall, high end crosswing, crownpost roof |
VA |
19.46 | |||
|
89 |
1321 |
-1363 |
Southchurch Hall, Southend-on-Sea |
unaisled hall house with high end crosswing, crownpost |
VA |
28.142 | |||
|
90 |
1327 |
-1370 |
Codham Hall, Braintree, Essex |
crosswing, possibly to aisled hall, with crownpost |
Tyers forthcoming | ||||
|
91 |
1328 |
/9 |
Turners, Belchamp St Pauls, Essex |
aisled hall with notched laps, no passing braces |
VA |
28.142 | |||
|
92 |
1355 |
-1360 |
Lodge Farmhouse, Denton, Norfolk |
Raised aisled hall |
VA |
25.25 | |||
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No heartwood/sapwood boundary |
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1 |
after |
1152 |
Arcade post Gt Hall, Leicester Castle, Leics |
aisled hall - stone walls |
Laxton 1982, 77 | ||||
|
2 |
after |
1159 |
Burmington Manor, Warwickshire |
aisled hall, stone walls, passing braces |
VA |
24.49 | |||
|
3 |
after |
1174 |
Manor Farm barn, Broughton, Bucks |
Aisled barn |
VA |
28.139 | |||
|
4 |
after |
1180 |
Farnham Castle, Farnham, Surrey |
aisled hall with stone walls |
VA |
27.91 | |||
|
5 |
after |
1214 |
Whiston Hall barn, Whiston, S Yorks |
aisled barn, passing braces, notched laps |
VA |
19.44 | |||
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(1) |
The various dendrochronology laboratories use differing estimates for the number of years of sapwood added to cores without bark edge to estimate the 95% confidence limits for the felling date. For comparability, dates in this table have been standardised to assume sapwood of between 10 and 55 years. The published ranges where different are given in the 3rd column. |
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Refs |
VA = Vernacular Architecture followed by volume No and page. CT = Cressing Temple: A Tempar and Hospitaller Manor in Essex, Andrews D 1993 |
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July 1999, amended July 2002 | |||||||||